Molybdenum is a refractory metal used principally as an alloying agent in steels, cast irons and super alloys to enhance hardness, strength, toughness and wear and corrosion resistance. Primarily added in the form of molybdic oxide or ferromolybdenum, it is frequently used in combination with chromium, columbium, manganese, nickel, tungsten or other alloy metals to achieve desired metallurgical properties. The versatility of molybdenum has ensured it a significant role in contemporary technology and industry, which increasingly require materials that are serviceable under higher stresses, greater temperature ranges and more corrosive environments. Moreover, molybdenum finds significant usage as a refractory metal in numerous chemical applications including catalysts, lubricants and pigments. The variety of molybdenum materials, few of which afford acceptable substitutions has resulted in a demand that is expected to grow at a greater rate than most other ferrous metals.
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